{"id":60837,"date":"2024-02-04T11:04:44","date_gmt":"2024-02-04T08:04:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/?p=60837"},"modified":"2024-02-04T11:04:44","modified_gmt":"2024-02-04T08:04:44","slug":"facebook-20-yasinda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/facebook-20-yasinda\/","title":{"rendered":"Facebook 20 ya\u015f\u0131nda"},"content":{"rendered":"

(The Turkish Post) –<\/strong> D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sosyal a\u011f\u0131 Facebook 20 ya\u015f\u0131nda. \u00dc\u00e7 milyardan fazla insan, yani d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun \u00fc\u00e7te birinden fazlas\u0131, ayda en az bir kez Facebook sayfalar\u0131nda aktif. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ba\u015far\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir. Ancak Facebook’un kurucusu Mark Zuckerberg, bug\u00fcnlerde pek kutlama havas\u0131nda de\u011fil. Zira 20’inci kurulu\u015f y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnden sadece birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce Zuckerberg, ABD Senatosu’ndaki bir oturumda sert ele\u015ftirilerle maruz kald\u0131. Cumhuriyet\u00e7i Senat\u00f6r Lindsey Graham, Facebook kurucusuna “Elinize kan bula\u015ft\u0131” diye ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 ve ekledi: “\u0130nsanlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcren bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcz var.”<\/p>\n

Oturumda, b\u00fcy\u00fck internet platformlar\u0131nda \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n ve gen\u00e7lerin halihaz\u0131rda yetersiz \u015fekilde korunmas\u0131 konusu ele al\u0131nd\u0131. ABD Senatosu \u00c7o\u011funluk Lideri Demokrat Dick Durbin, “Tasar\u0131mla ilgili kararlar\u0131n\u0131z, g\u00fcven ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fe yeterince yat\u0131r\u0131m yapmaman\u0131z, temel g\u00fcvenlik yerine s\u00fcrekli platform sadakati ve k\u00e2r pe\u015finde ko\u015fman\u0131z, \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve torunlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 riske att\u0131,” diyerek ele\u015ftirileri \u00f6zetledi.<\/p>\n

Sosyal medyan\u0131n tehlikeleri art\u0131k yayg\u0131n olarak tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. ABD’de gen\u00e7lerin ruh sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki bozulmadan k\u0131smen sosyal medya sorumlu tutuluyor. \u00dclkede 2011-2021 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, 10 ila 25 ya\u015f aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocuk ve gen\u00e7ler aras\u0131nda intihar oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 60 artt\u0131.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\"Facebook<\/div>\n<\/div>
Facebook kurucusu Mark Zuckerberg<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Umut verici bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 \u015eubat<\/strong><\/h4>\n

4 \u015eubat 2004’te kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131yla bulu\u015fan Facebook, asl\u0131nda son derece masumane bir temel \u00fczerine kuruldu. Dijital devrimin ilk g\u00fcnlerinde internet, \u015feffafl\u0131k ve daha fazla kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k vaat ediyordu. Geleneksel medya “bir ki\u015fi, bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fiyle ileti\u015fim kurar” \u00e7izgisinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, “herkesin herkesle” geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi bu yeni ileti\u015fim, daha fazla \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, kat\u0131l\u0131m ve demokrasi getirecek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyordu. Facebook, sizinle benzer d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelere sahip insanlar\u0131 h\u0131zla bulabilece\u011finiz, tatil foto\u011fraflar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 payla\u015fabilece\u011finiz ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n neler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan haberdar olabilece\u011finiz heyecan verici bir sosyal a\u011fd\u0131. Berlinli medya bilimci Martin Emmer, Facebook’un ilk g\u00fcnlerini \u015f\u00f6yle hat\u0131rl\u0131yor: “Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta Facebook’un olduk\u00e7a \u00f6zverili ve umut verici bir imaj\u0131 vard\u0131: \u0130nsanlar\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flaman\u0131n, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 daha iyi bir yer haline getirece\u011fi umuluyordu.”<\/p>\n

Facebook’un d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda h\u0131zla yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenemez art\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u00f6nemli toplumsal ve siyasal geli\u015fmelere da etki etti. \u00d6rne\u011fin 2011’de “Arap Bahar\u0131” ad\u0131 verilen geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 halk ayaklanmalar\u0131, halk\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak bu platformda \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmesi nedeniyle “Facebook devrimleri” olarak da an\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Siyasi ve toplumsal istismar potansiyeli<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Ancak t\u00fcm bu olay ve tart\u0131\u015fmalar esnas\u0131nda, madalyonun arka y\u00fcz\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edildi. Reklam verenler, bu kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kitleye hitap edebilmek i\u00e7in ciddi mebla\u011flar harcamaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmad\u0131. M\u00fc\u015fteri kitlesine uygun ilanlar olu\u015fturabilmeleri i\u00e7inse kullan\u0131c\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi edinmeleri gerekiyordu. Bu nedenle sosyal platform operat\u00f6rlerinin, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca \u00e7ok veri toplamas\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131. Bunun en kolay ve h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerinden biri be\u011fenilerin, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lan yorumlar\u0131n, takip edilen ki\u015fi ve sayfalar\u0131n analiz edilmesiydi. B\u00f6ylece kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ilgi alanlar\u0131, ho\u015fland\u0131klar\u0131 ve ho\u015flanmad\u0131klar\u0131 \u015feyler hakk\u0131nda ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi sahibi olduktan sonra, zaman t\u00fcneli ya da ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ad\u0131 verilen ki\u015fisel sayfa \u00f6\u011feleri, her profile \u00f6zel i\u00e7eriklerle dolduruldu.<\/p>\n

Sosyologlara g\u00f6re toplumun giderek kutupla\u015fmas\u0131, siyasi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n h\u0131r\u00e7\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ve \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131n komplo teorilerinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi geli\u015fmelerin \u00f6nemli tetikleyicilerinden biri de Facebook ve benzeri sosyal platformlar oldu.<\/p>\n

Bu a\u011flar, sahip olduklar\u0131 ileti\u015fim ve etki g\u00fcc\u00fcyle siyasi ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in de istismar edilebildi. Bunun en somut \u00f6rneklerinden biri, 2016 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki ABD Ba\u015fkanl\u0131k se\u00e7imlerinin sonucunu etkilemek i\u00e7in Rusya’n\u0131n, Facebook’u kullanarak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kampanya y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne dair iddialard\u0131. Hen\u00fcz bu konudaki tart\u0131\u015fmalar bitmeden Facebook’un ad\u0131 2018’de, bu kez de Cambridge Analytica skandal\u0131na kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131: \u0130ddialara g\u00f6re veri \u015firketi, yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 milyon Facebook profilini, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n bilgisi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda analiz ederek se\u00e7men davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f mesaj ve ilanlarla etkilemeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yordu. Facebook’taki “Stop-the-steal” (H\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 durdurun) gruplar\u0131 da 2020 ABD se\u00e7imlerinde Donald Trump taraf\u0131ndan ortaya at\u0131lan “\u00e7al\u0131nt\u0131 se\u00e7im” efsanesinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\n
\n
\"Trump<\/div>\n<\/div>
Trump destek\u00e7ilerinin ABD Kongre Binas\u0131 bask\u0131n\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

S\u00fcper se\u00e7im y\u0131l\u0131 2024<\/strong><\/h4>\n

D\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fclkelerdeki vatanda\u015flar, 2024 y\u0131l\u0131nda sand\u0131k ba\u015f\u0131na gidecek: Hindistan, Endonezya, Pakistan, Rusya, AB ve ABD’de bu y\u0131l parlamento ya da devlet ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imleri yap\u0131lacak. ABD’li bili\u015fimci ve teknoloji ele\u015ftirmeni Jaron Lanier endi\u015feli: “Yapay zek\u00e2 ve insanlar\u0131 manip\u00fcle etmek i\u00e7in teknolojinin di\u011fer yeni uygulamalar\u0131 yoluyla daha fazla \u2018derin sahtek\u00e2rl\u0131klara’ tan\u0131k olaca\u011f\u0131z. Bence pek \u00e7ok insan gafil avlan\u0131p bunlara inanacak,” diyor. Lanier, 2018’de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Sosyal medya hesaplar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 derhal silmeniz i\u00e7in on neden” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda, sosyal medyan\u0131n tehlikeleri konusunda daha \u00f6nce de ciddi uyar\u0131larda bulunmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Politikac\u0131lar nihayet harekete ge\u00e7ti<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Facebook ve t\u00fcrevleriyle ilgili bitmek bilmeyen skandal ve iddialar, politikac\u0131lar\u0131n ge\u00e7 de olsa uyanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. Avrupa Birli\u011fi, 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda Dijital Hizmetler Yasas\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti. Ama\u00e7, nefret s\u00f6ylemleri gibi yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7eriklerin sosyal a\u011flardan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, ifade \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de dahil olmak \u00fczere kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n temel haklar\u0131n\u0131n daha iyi korunmas\u0131 hedefleniyor.<\/p>\n

Instagram ve WhatsApp’\u0131n da sahibi olan Facebook’un ana \u015firketi Meta, 2023’\u00fcn son \u00e7eyre\u011finde reklamlardan o kadar \u00e7ok para kazand\u0131 ki, kurulu\u015funun 20’nci y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde hissedarlar\u0131na ilk temett\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6demeye karar verdi. Bu haber, hi\u00e7 de\u011filse yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n bir nebze olsun kutlama havas\u0131na girmesini sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(The Turkish Post) – D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck sosyal a\u011f\u0131 Facebook 20 ya\u015f\u0131nda. \u00dc\u00e7 milyardan fazla insan, yani d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun \u00fc\u00e7te birinden fazlas\u0131, ayda en az bir kez Facebook sayfalar\u0131nda aktif. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ba\u015far\u0131 \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir. Ancak Facebook’un kurucusu Mark Zuckerberg, bug\u00fcnlerde pek kutlama havas\u0131nda de\u011fil. Zira 20’inci kurulu\u015f y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnden sadece birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn \u00f6nce […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":60860,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"DW T\u00fcrk\u00e7e","source_url":"https:\/\/www.dw.com\/tr\/facebook-20-ya%C5%9F%C4%B1nda-umut-k%C4%B1%C5%9Fk%C4%B1rtma-veri-ticareti\/a-68167475?maca=tur-rss-tur-all-1495-rdf","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"topbottom","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"0","show_view_counter":"0","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"0","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"4","zoom_button_in_step":"4","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"2","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-715","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"2285","hide":""},"jnews_override_bookmark_settings":{"override_bookmark_button":"0","override_show_bookmark_button":"0"},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[2285,1],"tags":[13858,67,315],"class_list":["post-60837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","category-son-haberler","tag-20-yasinda","tag-facebook","tag-ust-manset"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60837"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60837\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60860"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=60837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}