{"id":11658,"date":"2023-06-01T09:12:03","date_gmt":"2023-06-01T06:12:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/?p=11658"},"modified":"2023-06-01T16:25:16","modified_gmt":"2023-06-01T13:25:16","slug":"anayasa-mahkemesi-bekcilerin-elle-arama-yetkisini-iptal-etti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/anayasa-mahkemesi-bekcilerin-elle-arama-yetkisini-iptal-etti\/","title":{"rendered":"Anayasa Mahkemesi bek\u00e7ilerin \u2018elle arama\u2019 yetkisini iptal etti"},"content":{"rendered":"

(The Turkish Post) \u2013<\/strong> Haziran 2020\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131 ve Mahalle Bek\u00e7ileri Kanunu\u2019ndaki baz\u0131 maddeler, bek\u00e7ilere ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yetkiler verildi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle tart\u0131\u015fma yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. CHP de kanunda yer alan 8 ayr\u0131 d\u00fczenlemenin iptali ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn durdurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Anayasa Mahkemesi’ne ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftu. Ba\u015fvuruyu de\u011ferlendiren Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, kanundaki 7 ayr\u0131 madde ve f\u0131kran\u0131n iptaline karar verdi. AYM\u2019nin iptaline karar verdi\u011fi maddeler aras\u0131nda en dikkat \u00e7ekici olan ise bek\u00e7ilere ‘el ile d\u0131\u015ftan arama’ ile g\u00f6steri, y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi amac\u0131yla ‘\u00f6nleyici tedbir alma’ yetkisine ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenleme oldu.<\/p>\n

T24’yer alan habere g\u00f6re, Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131mlanan karar\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinde, Kanun\u2019un 6. Maddesi \u00c7 f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan ve bek\u00e7ilere \u201cKamu d\u00fczenini bozacak mahiyetteki g\u00f6steri, y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi amac\u0131yla genel kolluk kuvvetleri gelinceye kadar \u00f6nleyici tedbirleri alma\u201d yetkisi veren d\u00fczenlemenin, toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131na s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirdi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekildi. Kararda, s\u00f6z konusu kuralda kamu d\u00fczenini bozacak eylem ve durumlar\u0131n mahiyeti, boyutu ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ile bek\u00e7ilere tan\u0131nan g\u00f6rev ve yetkilerin neler oldu\u011funun belirlenmedi\u011fine vurgu yap\u0131larak, \u201cKuralda yasal \u00e7er\u00e7eve ve ilkelerin olu\u015fturulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu suretle toplant\u0131 ve g\u00f6steri y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f\u00fc d\u00fczenleme hakk\u0131na getirilen s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n kanunilik ko\u015fulunu sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d denildi.<\/p>\n

‘KEYF\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 \u00d6NLEYECEK G\u00dcVENCE YOK’<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kanunun 7. Maddesi 6. F\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan ve bek\u00e7ilere el ile d\u0131\u015ftan kontrol yetkisi veren d\u00fczenleme de Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulundu. Kararda, s\u00f6z konusu d\u00fczenlemenin, \u201cki\u015filerin \u00f6zel hayat\u0131na sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmesini isteme hakk\u0131na\u201d s\u0131n\u0131rlama getirdi\u011fi kaydedilerek, kural\u0131n hem belirsizlik i\u00e7erdi\u011fi hem de keyfili\u011fi \u00f6nleyecek g\u00fcvenceleri sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi. \u201cKi\u015filerin \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fcn ve e\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131n el ile d\u0131\u015ftan kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn arama boyutuna ula\u015fmamas\u0131 ve bunun s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n objektif \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerle tespit edilebilir nitelikte olmas\u0131 zorunludur\u201d denilen kararda, \u201cKural hukuki \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirlik ve belirlilik ilkesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde her durum ve ko\u015fulda objektif ve nesnel olarak uygulanabilir nitelikte de\u011fildir. Elle kontrol ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda anayasada d\u00fczenlenen g\u00fcvencelerden yoksun olarak arama kapsam\u0131ndaki uygulamalara sebebiyet verecek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde belirsizlik i\u00e7ermektedir. Ayr\u0131ca idarece elle kontrol\u00fcn amac\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda keyfi bi\u00e7imde uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyecek yeterli g\u00fcvenceleri sa\u011flamamaktad\u0131r\u201d ifadelerine yer verildi.<\/p>\n

‘UYGULANAB\u0130L\u0130R VE ANLA\u015eILAB\u0130L\u0130R DE\u011e\u0130L’<\/strong><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme ayr\u0131ca Kanun\u2019da bek\u00e7ilere verilen \u201cHalk\u0131n s\u00fck\u00fbn ve istirahatini bozanlar\u0131 ve ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 rahats\u0131z edenleri engelleme\u201d yetkisine ili\u015fkin kural\u0131 da iptal etti. \u0130ptal gerek\u00e7esinde, kuralda yer alan eylemlerin kabahat kapsam\u0131ndaki eylemler olarak m\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilece\u011fi, engellemenin kapsam\u0131, hangi yetkileri i\u00e7erdi\u011fi ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 konusunda bir belirleme bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlat\u0131larak, \u015f\u00f6yle denildi: \u201cEngelleme yetkisinin uyarma yetkisini a\u015fmas\u0131 ve temel haklara m\u00fcdahale boyutuna ula\u015fmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu ba\u011flamda engelleme ifadesinin zor kullanma veya silah kullanma yetkisini i\u00e7erip i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi, engellenen eylemler hakk\u0131nda kabahatler kanunu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin uygulan\u0131p uygulanmayaca\u011f\u0131, engellenen ki\u015filerle ilgili ne t\u00fcr i\u015flemler yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, engelleme yetkisinin neleri i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi, engellemeye konu eylemin hukuk sisteminde kabahat olarak dahi d\u00fczenlenmemi\u015f olmas\u0131 durumunda engellemenin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, su\u00e7 yada kabahat olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen \u00f6zel hukuk \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde rahats\u0131zl\u0131k verecek eylemlerin kural kapsam\u0131nda bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konular\u0131nda bir a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131k bulunmamaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kural hem ki\u015filer hem de bek\u00e7iler y\u00f6n\u00fcnden herhangi bir duraksamaya ve ku\u015fkuya yer vermeyecek \u015fekilde uygulanabilir ve anla\u015f\u0131labilir nitelikte de\u011fildir. Bu durumda ki\u015finin maddi ve manevi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik s\u0131n\u0131rlaman\u0131n kanunilik ko\u015fulunu sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenemez.\u201d<\/p>\n

‘KURAL BEL\u0130RS\u0130Z’<\/strong><\/p>\n

AYM\u2019nin iptal etti\u011fi maddeler aras\u0131nda, bek\u00e7ilere \u201cG\u00f6rev b\u00f6lgeleri i\u00e7inde bulunan konut, i\u015f yeri ve ara\u00e7lar gibi mallar\u0131n korunmas\u0131nda sahipleri taraf\u0131ndan noksan al\u0131nan tedbirleri tamamlatt\u0131rma\u201d yetkisi de yer ald\u0131. Kararda, buna ili\u015fkin olarak ise, \u201cBek\u00e7ilerin \u00f6nleyici ve koruyucu g\u00f6rev ve yetkileri kapsam\u0131nda konut i\u015fyeri ve ara\u00e7 sahiplerinin noksan ald\u0131klar\u0131 tedbirlerin neler oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, bu tedbirlerin tamamlanmas\u0131ndan ne anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, bu yetkinin kapsam ve s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ile nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilece\u011finin belirli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, yeterli kanuni ilke ve \u00e7er\u00e7eveyi \u00f6n g\u00f6rmemesi nedeniyle kural\u0131n belirsiz oldu\u011fu sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u201d de\u011ferlendirmesi yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

‘BAKANLIK Y\u00d6NETMEL\u0130\u011e\u0130NE BIRAKILAMAZ’<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bek\u00e7ilerin istihdam\u0131 ve i\u015fe al\u0131nmalar\u0131ndan sonraki hiyerar\u015filerine ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemeler de Anayasa Mahkemesi\u2019nce iptal edilen maddeler aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131. Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, bek\u00e7ilerin istihdam\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201c\u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan y\u00f6netmelikle belirlenen e\u011fitim, ya\u015f, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve fiziki yeterlilik gibi \u00f6zel \u015fartlar aran\u0131r\u201d ve \u201c\u00c7ar\u015f\u0131 ve mahalle bek\u00e7isi olarak istihdam edilmek i\u00e7in \u0130\u00e7i\u015fleri Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan y\u00f6netmelikte belirlenen usul ve esaslara g\u00f6re yap\u0131lacak giri\u015f s\u0131nav\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmak \u015fartt\u0131r\u201d \u015feklindeki h\u00fck\u00fcmleri de \u015fu gerek\u00e7eyle Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 buldu: \u201cKamu hizmetine girme hakk\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamaya y\u00f6nelik bir kanuni d\u00fczenlemenin \u015feklen var olmas\u0131 yeterli olmay\u0131p kurallar\u0131n keyfili\u011fe izin vermeyecek \u015fekilde belirli ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir nitelikte olmas\u0131 gerekir. Kanunun bu niteliklere sahip olmas\u0131 hukuk devleti ilkesinin gere\u011fidir. Bek\u00e7i olarak istihdam edilmede ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in aranacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlere ili\u015fkin hususlar\u0131n belirlenmesi kanuni \u00e7er\u00e7eve \u00e7izilmeden kurallarla y\u00f6netmeli\u011fe b\u0131rak\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu itibarla kurallar\u0131n hak ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fcklerin kanunla s\u0131n\u0131rlanmas\u0131 gere\u011fiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

‘\u00d6L\u00c7\u00dcTLER BEL\u0130RL\u0130 DE\u011e\u0130L’<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kanun\u2019un 2. Maddesinde yer alan ve bek\u00e7ilerin amirlerinin meslek hiyerar\u015fisi i\u00e7inde belirlenmesini d\u00fczenleyen h\u00fck\u00fcm de iptal edildi. \u0130ptal karar\u0131nda, s\u00f6z konusu d\u00fczenlemede bek\u00e7ilerin astl\u0131k-\u00fcstl\u00fck ili\u015fkisi i\u00e7erisinde mesleki hiyerar\u015fideki konumlar\u0131 ve amirlerinin kimler oldu\u011funun a\u00e7\u0131klanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilerek, \u201cAmirlerinin nas\u0131l ve hangi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctler dikkate al\u0131narak tespit edilece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k ve net bi\u00e7imde ifade edilmedi\u011finden belirli ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir nitelikte bir d\u00fczenleme i\u00e7ermeyen kural kanunilik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131d\u0131r\u201d denildi.<\/p>\n

‘K\u0130ML\u0130K KONTROL\u00dc K\u00dcLFET DE\u011e\u0130L’<\/strong><\/p>\n

AYM ayr\u0131ca bek\u00e7ilere \u201csu\u00e7 i\u015flenmesi, su\u00e7un faillerinin ya da aranan ki\u015filerin kimliklerini tespiti ile mevcut ve muhtemel tehlikeleri \u00f6nleme\u201d amac\u0131yla ki\u015fileri durdurma ve kimlik tespiti yetkisi veren d\u00fczenlemenin iptal talebini ise reddetti. Bek\u00e7ilere verilen bu yetkinin kendi b\u00f6lgeleri ve kimlik sorgulama ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu belirtilen kararda, d\u00fczenlemenin ki\u015filere a\u011f\u0131r bir k\u00fclfet y\u00fcklemedi\u011fi kaydedildi. Bek\u00e7ilere, kimlik ya da belge g\u00f6stermekten ve a\u00e7\u0131klamada bulunmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nan ve yalan beyanda bulunulmas\u0131 nedeniyle kimli\u011fi belirlenemeyen ki\u015fileri \u201ctutma\u201d yetkisi veren d\u00fczenleme de Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 bulunmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

S\u0130LAH KULLANMA YETK\u0130S\u0130NE ONAY<\/strong><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, bek\u00e7ilere silah kullanma yetkisi verilen d\u00fczenlemenin iptali talebini de reddetti. Ret karar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7esinde, bek\u00e7ilere bu yetki verilirken Polis Vazife ve Salahiyet Kanunu\u2019na at\u0131fta bulunuldu\u011fu belirtilerek, \u201csald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 etkisiz k\u0131lmak ve hakk\u0131nda tutuklama, g\u00f6zalt\u0131na alma zorla getirme veya yakalama emri verilmi\u015f ki\u015fileri ya da su\u00e7 \u00fcst\u00fc halinde \u015f\u00fcphelileri yakalamak amac\u0131yla silah kullan\u0131labilece\u011finin h\u00fck\u00fcm alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00f6ylece yetkinin verili\u015f amac\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 ve orant\u0131s\u0131z \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyecek g\u00fcvenceye yer verildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir\u201d denildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(The Turkish Post) \u2013 Haziran 2020\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131 ve Mahalle Bek\u00e7ileri Kanunu\u2019ndaki baz\u0131 maddeler, bek\u00e7ilere ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc yetkiler verildi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle tart\u0131\u015fma yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. CHP de kanunda yer alan 8 ayr\u0131 d\u00fczenlemenin iptali ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn durdurulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Anayasa Mahkemesi’ne ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftu. Ba\u015fvuruyu de\u011ferlendiren Y\u00fcksek Mahkeme, kanundaki 7 ayr\u0131 madde ve f\u0131kran\u0131n iptaline karar verdi. AYM\u2019nin iptaline karar verdi\u011fi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":11659,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"source_name":"Gazete Duvar","source_url":"https:\/\/www.gazeteduvar.com.tr\/anayasa-mahkemesinden-bekci-karari-kanundaki-7-madde-iptal-edildi-haber-1621557","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"topbottom","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"0","show_view_counter":"0","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"0","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"0","show_post_reading_time":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"1","zoom_button_out_step":"4","zoom_button_in_step":"4","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"0","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"2","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-715","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":"","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":"4","hide":""},"jnews_override_bookmark_settings":{"override_bookmark_button":"0","override_show_bookmark_button":"0"},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,1],"tags":[717,3334,1422],"class_list":["post-11658","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundem","category-son-haberler","tag-anayasa-mahkemesi","tag-bekci","tag-slider-manset"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11658","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11658"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11658\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11659"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11658"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11658"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.turkishpost.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11658"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}